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       緬(mian)甸(dian)(dian)(dian)聯(lian)邦(bang)共(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)（英語：the Republic of the Union of Myanmar），簡稱(cheng)緬(mian)甸(dian)(dian)(dian)。是(shi)(shi)東(dong)南亞(ya)的(de)一個(ge)(ge)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)，也是(shi)(shi)東(dong)南亞(ya)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)聯(lian)盟的(de)成(cheng)(cheng)員國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。西南臨安(an)達曼海(hai)，西北(bei)與(yu)印度和(he)(he)(he)孟加拉(la)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)鄰，東(dong)北(bei)靠中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，東(dong)南接(jie)泰國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)與(yu)老撾。首(shou)都為(wei)(wei)(wei)內比(bi)都。緬(mian)甸(dian)(dian)(dian)是(shi)(shi)一個(ge)(ge)歷史(shi)悠久的(de)文明古國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，舊稱(cheng)洪沙瓦底。1044年(nian)(nian)(nian)形成(cheng)(cheng)統(tong)(tong)一國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)后，經歷了(le)(le)蒲甘(gan)、勃固、東(dong)吁和(he)(he)(he)貢榜(bang)四個(ge)(ge)封(feng)建王朝(chao)。1824年(nian)(nian)(nian)至(zhi)1885年(nian)(nian)(nian)間英國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)先后發動了(le)(le)3次(ci)侵緬(mian)戰(zhan)爭并(bing)占領了(le)(le)緬(mian)甸(dian)(dian)(dian)，1886年(nian)(nian)(nian)英國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)將緬(mian)甸(dian)(dian)(dian)劃為(wei)(wei)(wei)英屬印度的(de)一個(ge)(ge)省。1948年(nian)(nian)(nian)1月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)4日(ri)(ri)緬(mian)甸(dian)(dian)(dian)脫離英聯(lian)邦(bang)宣布(bu)獨立，成(cheng)(cheng)立緬(mian)甸(dian)(dian)(dian)聯(lian)邦(bang)。1974年(nian)(nian)(nian)1月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)改(gai)稱(cheng)緬(mian)甸(dian)(dian)(dian)聯(lian)邦(bang)社會(hui)主(zhu)義共(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。1988年(nian)(nian)(nian)7月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，因經濟(ji)形勢惡化，緬(mian)甸(dian)(dian)(dian)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)爆發游行示威。同年(nian)(nian)(nian)9月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)18日(ri)(ri)，以國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)防部長蘇貌將軍為(wei)(wei)(wei)首(shou)的(de)軍人接(jie)管政權(quan)，成(cheng)(cheng)立“國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)恢復(fu)法(fa)律和(he)(he)(he)秩(zhi)序(xu)委(wei)(wei)員會(hui)”（1997年(nian)(nian)(nian)改(gai)名(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“緬(mian)甸(dian)(dian)(dian)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)和(he)(he)(he)平(ping)與(yu)發展委(wei)(wei)員會(hui)”），宣布(bu)廢除(chu)憲(xian)法(fa)，解散人民(min)議會(hui)和(he)(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)權(quan)力(li)機構。1988年(nian)(nian)(nian)9月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)23日(ri)(ri)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)名(ming)由“緬(mian)甸(dian)(dian)(dian)聯(lian)邦(bang)社會(hui)主(zhu)義共(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)”改(gai)名(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“緬(mian)甸(dian)(dian)(dian)聯(lian)邦(bang)”。2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，緬(mian)甸(dian)(dian)(dian)聯(lian)邦(bang)共(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)新憲(xian)法(fa)獲得通過，規(gui)定實行總統(tong)(tong)制。緬(mian)甸(dian)(dian)(dian)于2010年(nian)(nian)(nian)依(yi)據新憲(xian)法(fa)舉行多黨制全國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)大選。2011年(nian)(nian)(nian)2月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)4日(ri)(ri)，緬(mian)甸(dian)(dian)(dian)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)會(hui)選出(chu)吳(wu)登(deng)盛為(wei)(wei)(wei)緬(mian)甸(dian)(dian)(dian)第一任總統(tong)(tong)。2016年(nian)(nian)(nian)3月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)15日(ri)(ri)，緬(mian)甸(dian)(dian)(dian)聯(lian)邦(bang)議會(hui)選出(chu)吳(wu)廷(ting)(ting)覺為(wei)(wei)(wei)半(ban)個(ge)(ge)多世紀以來(lai)緬(mian)甸(dian)(dian)(dian)首(shou)位民(min)選非軍人總統(tong)(tong)。2005年(nian)(nian)(nian)，緬(mian)甸(dian)(dian)(dian)政府將首(shou)都從最大城市(shi)仰光遷(qian)至(zhi)內比(bi)都（前稱(cheng)彬(bin)馬(ma)那）。緬(mian)甸(dian)(dian)(dian)是(shi)(shi)一個(ge)(ge)以農業為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)的(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)，從事農業的(de)人口(kou)超過60%，農產品有稻(dao)米、小麥、甘(gan)蔗(zhe)等(deng)等(deng)。2018年(nian)(nian)(nian)3月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)21日(ri)(ri)，緬(mian)甸(dian)(dian)(dian)總統(tong)(tong)吳(wu)廷(ting)(ting)覺辭職(zhi)。

       仰(yang)光地(di)處富饒(rao)的(de)伊洛瓦底江(jiang)三(san)角(jiao)洲，仰(yang)光河下游，距出海口(kou)34公里，是(shi)(shi)緬甸政治、軍事、經濟、文化、教(jiao)育中(zhong)心。人口(kou)500多萬。仰(yang)光屬熱帶季(ji)風氣候(hou)，終年綠樹成蔭、鮮花常開，有“花園(yuan)城市”之稱(cheng)。仰(yang)光古稱(cheng)“大(da)光”，十八世紀中(zhong)是(shi)(shi)仰(yang)光河畔的(de)一個(ge)漁村。1755年改名為“仰(yang)光”。仰(yang)光港為深水(shui)港，可進出萬噸(dun)輪，是(shi)(shi)緬甸吞吐量最大(da)的(de)港口(kou)。仰(yang)光也是(shi)(shi)全國(guo)的(de)航空樞(shu)紐，北(bei)郊(jiao)建有敏加拉洞國(guo)際機場。